Anarchist economics is the set of theories and practices of economic activity within the political philosophy of anarchism. Anti-capitalist anarchists (most notably anarcho-syndicalists and anarcho-communists) primarily oppose capitalism because they claim that its characteristic institutions promote and reproduce various forms of economic activity which they consider oppressive, including private property, hierarchical production relations, collecting rents from private property, taking a profit in exchanges,[clarification needed] and collecting interest on loans. Such anarchists endorse soft propertarianism based on usufruct and possession rather than inalienable ownership.
By contrast, anarcho-capitalists fully support an alternate conception of capitalism as a free market ideal laissez-faire. Influential anarcho-capitalists such as Murray Rothbard, David D. Friedman and Hans-Hermann Hoppe worked as professional economists, and developed their political and economic theory in close connection. Rothbard and Hoppe are notable advocates of the marginalist Austrian school of economics. Not all anarchists subscribe to heterodox economics; Friedman for example endorses the positivism of the Chicago school, a variant of the dominant Neoclassical economics.[1]
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